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JOHN   MCCARTHY   entitled this  field  "Artificial   Intelligence" at
Dartmouth, US in 1956.  He works on  the formalization of common sense
knowledge and reasoning in  mathematical logic.  His contributions  to
this field include  the situation calculus, the circumscription method
of nonmonotonic reasoning and  formalization of contexts.  Much of the
work is described in his  "Formalizing Common Sense",  Ablex 1990.  He
is Professor of Computer Science at Stanford  University.  He has also
worked in other areas  of  computer science and  computer engineering,
e.g. Lisp, time-sharing and program verification.
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